Large language models (LLMs) have developed significantly since ChatGPT burst onto the public scene in late 2022, built on the GPT-3 model. There have been increases in scale, with GPT-4 being several times larger than GPT-3 in terms of the numbers of parameters. Context windows increased from a few thousand tokens to over a million.…
DetailsAlthough the USA and China are the current artificial intelligence (AI) superpowers, Germany actually employs 14% of all AI workers in Europe, second only to the UK, which employs 24% of them. There are over 900 AI startups in Germany at the time of writing, up from 687 in 2024. The main clusters are in…
DetailsWhen we think about leaders in artificial intelligence (AI) we typically think of the USA or China, or possibly Japan. However, France is also emerging as an important part of the AI landscape. France has national ambitions to become a leading AI power. A national AI strategy was launched in 2018, with two government agencies…
DetailsLarge language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have excellent linguistic skills, but to use them for a specific business process, they need additional knowledge. For example, a customer service chatbot would not be much use unless it knew things like the products that the company sold and who had purchased them and when. To supplement…
DetailsWhat is best practice for organisations deploying AI in the enterprise? In this blog we examine the organisation, governance, architecture, processes, culture and technology needed for effective AI deployment. To begin with, an organisation needs to consider why it is considering deploying AI in the first place, just as it would with any new technology.…
DetailsI recently stumbled across an AI curiosity via a post on LinkedIn. Before we explore this, a little background is necessary. When a large language model (LLM) gets a prompt then it has to decide how long to make its answer – a few sentences, or something longer? The LLM actually generates an “end of…
DetailsThe current boom in AI has been sold to businesses as a great productivity improvement opportunity, at least by the AI vendors and the industry of consultants being paid to help with AI projects. There has been rapid adoption of the technology, with OpenAI’s ChatGPT having 800 million active weekly users, and 78% of companies…
DetailsYou may be aware that a large language model (LLM) is trained on data, but did you know that there is a multi-billion-dollar industry of human data labelling that supports this? Behind every LLM lies an invisible workforce that toils away, labelling files, images and videos to help train the AIs. A large language model…
DetailsAddiction to gambling is common: over 2% of UK adults being problem gamblers. Gamblers frequently bet irrationally in several ways. In the “illusion of control”, people wrongly believe they can influence the outcome of a random or chance-based event, such as a slot machine or dice roll. The “gambler’s fallacy” is the irrational belief that…
DetailsI saw a disturbing image today. Not something from a war zone or a horror film, but a post on Linkedin: Microsoft have, in their wisdom, introduced a large language model (LLM)-driven AI helper to Excel called Copilot. After entering “=copilot( )”, you can type in any text you like within the brackets, and Excel…
DetailsIt is now almost three years since the release of ChatGPT by OpenAI on an unsuspecting world. In this time large language models (LLMs) have had some significant impacts. Over half of all venture capital investment is now related to artificial intelligence (AI). Nvidia, which makes the graphics processing units that power most AI searches,…
DetailsLarge language models (LLMs), the engines at the heart of generative AI chatbots like ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini and Grok are susceptible to various kinds of attack by hackers. For example, prompt injection is where an attacker fills a prompt with malicious input to either leak data or bypass controls. There are actually many other types…
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