In June 2025, Linus Torvalds, the inventor of Linux and Git, was asked about “vibe coding”, where non-programmers use large language models to write code. He memorably described it as “Very Inefficient But Entertaining”. However, the world of AI is far from static, and the release of Claude Opus 4.5 in November 2025 seems to…
Large language models (LLMs) have been heavily promoted as productivity tools for enterprises in a range of use cases, such as customer chatbots, content creation for marketing material, and enabling employees to easily access and summarise documents like product documentation or product manuals. There are other use cases, such as automation of business processes like…
Music has evolved over the centuries, from the first bone flutes (dating back to at least 38,000 BC) to the invention of the piano in Italy in 1700. The theremin, invented in 1920 by a Russian physicist, is played by a performer moving their hands near two antennas. However, it was only in more recent…
One cutting-edge area where AI is used is financial market trading. The banking industry has always been an early adopter of technology, and algorithmic trading is nothing new. As far back as 2019, fully 92% of all foreign exchange trading was done by algorithms rather than humans. For stock trading, the percentage is lower, but…
The UK employs almost a quarter (24%) of all AI workers in Europe, ahead of Germany (14%) and France (12%). Its AI economy was worth £72 billion in 2024 according to UK government figures, employing over 362,000 workers, and 3,700 AI companies directly employed 60,000 people in 2024. This increased to 5,800 companies by September…
Most articles about artificial intelligence (AI) today discuss its capabilities and potential for innovative applications, from chatbots to predictive maintenance in engineering. What is less well explored is the cost of delivering these projects, and even less well addressed is the issue of supporting an AI model once it is already in production use. We…
Although the USA and China are the current artificial intelligence (AI) superpowers, Germany actually employs 14% of all AI workers in Europe, second only to the UK, which employs 24% of them. There are over 900 AI startups in Germany at the time of writing, up from 687 in 2024. The main clusters are in…
When we think about leaders in artificial intelligence (AI) we typically think of the USA or China, or possibly Japan. However, France is also emerging as an important part of the AI landscape. France has national ambitions to become a leading AI power. A national AI strategy was launched in 2018, with two government agencies…
Japan has a strong history in artificial intelligence (AI), dating back to the 1960s. As far back as 1967, Shun’ichi Amari proposed a way to enable neural networks to self-adjust the way that they categorise patterns through repeated training examples. This was one element that led to backpropogation, a key development in AI. Geoffrey Hinton,…
India is the most populous country in the world, with well over 1.4 billion people, slightly more than China. With its economy at over $4 trillion and growing at 6.5%, it is the fourth largest economy in the world (after the US, China and Germany, having overtaken Japan) and is on course to be the…