The world of technology moves rapidly, and it is hard to build a sustainable competitive advantage. Just ask Blackberry (business smartphones), Nokia (mobile phones), Yahoo (search), AOL (email and chat), MySpace (social network) and Kodak (film). Technology companies seek to build a “moat”, a durable competitive advantage that is hard to copy. Such a moat…
There are a range of security concerns associated with large language models (LLMs), which are the basis of popular artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots like ChatGPT, Claude and Gemini. For one thing, the chatbots themselves are vulnerable to malicious prompts from anyone who interacts with them. Such “prompt injection” attacks can cause LLMs to behave in…
The web browsing market has been relatively stable for some years, with Google Chrome holding 72% market share in 2025, ahead of Apple’s Safari at 12%. These are followed by Microsoft Edge, Firefox and Opera. Recently, the AI chatbot vendors have decided to muscle in on this market, and existing incumbents have added AI features…
Large language models (LLMs), the engines at the heart of generative AI chatbots like ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini and Grok are susceptible to various kinds of attack by hackers. For example, prompt injection is where an attacker fills a prompt with malicious input to either leak data or bypass controls. There are actually many other types…
Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots based on large language models (LLMs) have been with us on a large scale for almost three years now, ever since the launch of ChatGPT in November 2022. Their impact on the world is undeniable, with around two-thirds of companies using them to a greater or lesser degree by mid-2025. There…
Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has many useful applications, such as automating repetitive tasks, language translation and coding software. However, its ability to produce “deepfakes” of images, audio and video is a controversial and potentially troubling area. There are two main approaches that are used in AI to producing deepfakes. The first is a technique called…
In August 2025 it was revealed in the press that a report produced by Deloitte for the Australian government contained several entirely fabricated citations to articles and books that do not exist, other than in the fevered hallucinations of generative AI. The report, costing taxpayers AU$439,000, was presumably not offered at a substantial discount to…
Generative artificial intelligence (AI) technology, such as ChatGPT and its rivals, depends heavily on training data, but what if that training data is deliberately poisoned? The large language models (LLMs) technology that underlie generative AI go through three stages of training. The models are fed vast amounts of raw data, such as The Common Corpus,…
The first use of an unmanned aerial explosive device was when the Austrian army deployed hundreds of balloons carrying explosives in their siege of Venice, which was fighting for independence against Austria. That was in 1849. Technology has moved on since then, but the use of drones has been a military tactic for longer than…
There has been great public excitement about artificial intelligence (AI), and in particular generative AI, ever since the release of ChatGPT by OpenAI in November 2022. The underlying large language model (LLM) technology allows AI models to generate content on a wide range of subjects in a fluent, conversational manner. From answers to basic questions…