Artificial intelligence, particularly generative AI, based on large language models (LLMs) has had a seismic impact on the world since ChatGPT’s public release in November 2022. Half of all internet content is now AI-generated, over half of all venture capital investment is AI-related, and NVIDIA became the most valuable company in the world in July…
We are all being deluged by news stories about artificial intelligence (AI) and the large language models (LLMs) at the heart of the latest AI trend, generative AI. But how do they actually work? Some level of understanding of this would seem quite useful for a technology that now creates over half of the content…
There have been several studies that show that the current failure rate of AI projects is shocking. The highest profile one is a 2025 MIT study, involving hundreds of interviews, finding that the failure rate of AI projects was 95%. This stark number is not actually so different from other estimates, which have ranged from…
The English poet William Cowper wrote that “God moves in a mysterious way, his wonders to perform” in his 1773 poem “Light Shining out of Darkness”. The same could be said of large language models (LLMs), the technology underpinning generative AI. LLMs are capable of extremely fluent conversation and answer questions with authority and confidence,…